Method of protecting animal fibers from the injurious effect of alkaline liquids



entree s ra @FFHCQEO PAUL GOLDBERG, or BERLIN-TREPTGW, PAUL onnmvrz. or ssatm-wrmmasnoar,

AND ALFRED PETERS, 0F BERLIN. GERMANY, ASSIGNORS T0 ACTIEN GESELL- SCHAZET FUR ANILIN FABRIKATION, 0F BERLIN, GERMANY.

I METHOD OF PROTECTING ANIMAL FIBERS FROM THE INJURIOUS EFFECT 'OF ALKA- LINE LIQUIDS.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, PAUL GOLDBERG, PAUL (Juneau, and ALFRED PETERS, citizens oftheGerman Republic, residing at Treptower Park 49, Berlin-Treptow, Germany; Dusseldorferstr. 72, Berlin-\Vilmersdorf, Germany, and Grober-Ufer 4, Berlin SO. 33, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Protecting Animal Fibers from the Injurious Effect of Alkaline Liquids (for which we have filed applications in Germany Aug. 22, 1917, and May 22, 1920) of which the following is a specification. I

Our present invention relates to amethod of protecting animal fibers from the known injurious effect which occurs. when they are treated with alkaline liquids, for instance for the purposes of-washing wool, degumming silk, mercerizing cotton in half-wool or halfsilk fabrics, fulling wool, dyeing and printmg animal or mixed fibers with sulfurized dyes or vat dyes, finishing, dyeing or improving skins or leather. The new method consists in adding to the alkaline liquid sulfite-cellulose waste liquor. Instead of sulfite-cellulose waste liquor the active substances contained in 1t may he used, such as sodium lignin-sulfonate, cell pitch, sugars.

Thus in degumming silk it is possible to use caustic alkali or alkali sulfid instead of the usual solution, if by the aforesaid addition solvent action of the alkaline liquid is limited to the silk-gum and destruction of the silk substance prevented. By boilingthe silk for two hours with caustic soda lye of 2 Baum specific gravity with addition of sulfite-cellulose waste liquor, a complete degumming is obtained and even a further boiling for 2 hours does not affect the lustre or the other properties of the silk. By use of stronger alkali solutions the duration of treatment may be shortened even at low r temperatures. Half-silk goods may be degummed in this manner and at the same time so far mercerized that the cotton fibers acquire an enhanced affinity for dyestufi's.

The process has a particular value in vat dyeing- The sodium 'hydrosulfite vat has had onlya iimited field inv dyeing wool because it is diliicult to adjust the proportionof alkali so exactly that the dye remains Application filed August 15, 1921.

Serial No. 492,492.

dissolved, the fiber is improved in appearance as much as possible and the dyeing and fastness ot' the dyeings to rubbing and washing are not unfavorably afiected. There have not been lacking, therefore, attempts to diminish the caustic action of the alkali of the vat on the fiber in respect of the improvement of the appearance of the fiber and of the dyeing. The processes proposed, however, have not come into use. An excepti'onis the ammonia-blue-hydrosulfite rat, which, however, suffers from the objection that the preparation of the vat is troublesome and the process is limited to the use of particular vat preparations. By the In order to illustrate in what manner the invention may beexe'cuted, without limiting it, the following examples are given:

Eaaample 1. W asking wool.

1 kg. of raw wool is treated during half an hour at 50 C. with a solution of 80 g. calcined sodium carbonate, 40 g. of sodium lignin-sulfonate and 40 g. of maltose in 20 litres of water. The wool is squeezed and rinsed until the water remains clear.

Example 2; Degumming silk.

Raw silk is treated during 1% hours at 9()95 (lwith a bath containing in alitre 25 ccm. caustic soda-lye of 40 Baum and 250 ccm. sulfite-cellulose waste liquor oi 27 .5 Baum. The silk is then subsequentlv rinsed with water, with a diluted acid and again with water.

Example 3; Degumming silk and meroem'zz'ng cotton at the some time.

Half-silk fabrics, after being wetted, are treated during 10 minutes at ordinary temliatented June 13,- 11922.-

perature with a bath conteinin% in a litre 590 com. caustic soda-lye of 40 and 250 com. sulfite cellulose-waste liquor of 275 Baum. Then the fabrics are rinsed and acidified. I f

Example 4. Dyeing cotton in half-wool fabrics with sulfur dyes.

T0900 litres of water first 900 g. calcined sodium carbonate, then. 3 kg. sulfur blackbrown N extra conc. AGfA, dissolved with 6 kg. crystallized sodium sulfid in boiling water, 12 kg. maltose and finally 27 kg. crystallized sodium sulfate are added. 11

this bath 30 kg. half-wool, previously well. wetted are dyed during an hour at 3040 C. Unly the cotton ispractically dyed deep brown.

E wample 5. Dyeing silk or half-silk with sulfur olyes.

One proceeds as indicated in the Example 4 but dyes at a higher-temperature, for instance at 50 to 80 C. Y

E wavnple 6. Dyeing of 25 kg. wool yarn with inrliga-A. Dye solution.

2.5 kg. indigo pure BASE powder are mixed with 25 litres of water of 60 G. Then 3 litres of caustic soda lye of 40 Baum and whilst stirring 2.5 k of sodium hydrosulfite cone. are added. at 60 to 65 C. a yellow solution occurs.

B. Dyeing bath.

3000 litres of water of 50 C. is added with, 50 com. of caustic soda-lyeof 4CO Be. and 150-200 g. of sodium hydrosulfite cone. 7 Then dye solution, prepared as above, and finally 26 kg. sulfite-cellulose waste liquor of 34 Baum are added.

The well wetted yarn is handled in this bath during 20-30 minutes, squeezed, exposed to the air, rinsed, acidified and dried.

Example}. Dyeing '10 kg. loose wool with not red B.-A. Dye solution.

1 kg. vat red B BASF aste is mixed with 2 litres of water of 60 and'250 cone. of caustic soda lye of d0 Baum. Whilst stirring 200 g. sodium hydrosulfite cone.

powder are added, after a short time yellow dissolution being formed.

' B. bath.

1000 litres of water of 50 C. are added with 15 com. of caustic soda lye of 40 Be.

and 200 250 g. of sodi hydrosulfite y warming acre let cone. Then the dye solution and finally 8.5 kg. of sulfite cellulose Waste liquor of 34 B. are added.

In this bath the wool is dyed 20-80 minutes at 50 (3., then squeezed, oxidized at the air, rinsed, acidified and dried.

Ewample 8. Preparing skins to be dyed.

' The skins are treated over night with a solution containing in a litre caustic sodalye of 1 lBaum 100 g. maltose or 50 of sodium lignin-sulfonate and 50 g.- ma tose and then washed. 7

Example .9. Dyeing skins.

The skins prepared as indicated in Example 8 are mordanted by immersing for 6 hours intoa solution containing 2 g. potassium bichromate, l g. acid potassium tartrate and 025g. copper sulfate in a litre of water. The well rinsed skins then are dyed in a bath containing in one litre of water 2.5 g. ursol P, 0.5 g. HISOl D, 2.5 ccm.

which consists in adding the active sub stances contained in sulfite cellulose waste liquor to the alkaline liquids.

3. The method of protecting animal fibers from the injurious efl'ect of alkaline liquids which consists in adding sodium lignin sulfonate and sugars contained in sulfite cellulose Waste liquor to the alkaline liquids. 4:. The method of protecting animal fibers from the injurious efi'ect of alkaline liquids which consists in adding sugars contained in sulfite cellulose waste liquor to the alkaline liquids.

In testimony whereof we afix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

PAUL GULDBERG. PAUL ,ONNERTZ. I 1 ALFRED PETERS. Witnesses: Dr. Onuonnron, @r'ro GAmsoni. 

